Bloomfield is located just to the east of Farmington at the intersection of US Highways 64 and 550 in San Juan County.
The Salmon Ruins (so named because George Salmon homesteaded the surrounding property long ago), a 12th century Anasazi pueblo, are just west of town. The Salmon Ruins and the George Salmon homestead are now part of a privately-operated museum complex. Aztec Ruins National Monument, composed of pueblo structures built about the same time as Salmon, is about 15 miles to the north. Chaco Culture National Historical Park is about 50 miles to the southeast.
While there is some cattle ranching done in the area, the majority of businesses in Bloomfield seemed to cater to the oil and gas industry or supporting the folks who work in the oil and gas industry.
In 2007, the Bloomfield City Council decided to make the town famous by unanimously voting to erect a stone monument of the Ten Commandments at City Hall.
